Faculty Member

Monique A.M. Gignac Ph.D.

Research Interests

CHRONIC DISEASES, EMPLOYMENT, COPING, & ADAPTATION:

Health models of disability and participation; Employment and disability; Appraisals, coping, & adaptation to adult onset chronic illness & disability; Independence & dependence in older adults with disability

Appraisals & coping of family members caring for older adults with chronic illness including stroke and Alzheimer’s disease; Program and policy challenges of family support & care of the elderly; Caregiving & work/family conflict, Workplace responses to employees’ family responsibilities

METHODOLOGIES & OUTCOMES

Quantitative & qualitative methods; survey methods; scale development; regression analyses; multivariate analyses of variance; factor analysis; reliability analyses; content analysis

SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGICAL & LIFE-COURSE APPROACHES TO AGING:

Growth, adaptation, & coping approaches to aging; Models of cognitive-affective development

Education & Training History

Ph.D. 1991, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada: Social Psychology.

M.A. 1988, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada: Social Psychology.

B.Sc. 1985, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada: Psychology with High Distinction

Postdoctoral Fellowship, 1991 – 1995, CARNET: The Canadian Aging Research Network, Network of Centres of Excellence (NCE), Gerontology Research Centre, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario

Other Affiliations

Professional Affiliations:

American Psychological Association (APA)

Canadian Association on Gerontology (CAG)

Gerontological Society of America (GSA)

Association of Rheumatology Professionals (ARP)

Professional Summary & Appointments

Core Appointments:

Professor, July 2015 to present, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto

Scientific Co-Director, August 2013 to present, Institute for Work & Health, Toronto, Ontario

Senior Scientist, April 2012 to present, Institute for Work and Health, Toronto, Ontario

Affiliate Scientist, July 2014 to present, Division of Health Care & Outcomes Research, Krembil Research Institute, The University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario

Senior Scientist, August 2005 to June 2014, Division of Outcomes & Population Health, Toronto Western Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario

Associate Professor, July 1, 2005 to present, Dalla Lana School of Public Health (formerly Department of Public Health Sciences), Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Status Appointment, Toronto, Ontario

Scientist, Division of Outcomes & Population Health, Toronto Western Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario

Assistant Professor, January 1996 to June 30, 2005, Department of Public Health Sciences (formerly the Department of Behavioural Science), Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Status Appointment, Toronto, Ontario

Research Investigator, July 1995 to present, Arthritis Community Research and Evaluation Unit (ACREU), University Health Network

Postdoctoral Fellowship, 1991 – 1995, CARNET: The Canadian Aging Research Network, Network of Centres of Excellence (NCE), Gerontology Research Centre, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario

Appointments:

Chair, June 2011-April 2016; December 2017 to September 2020, Institute Advisory Board (IAB), Institute for Musculoskeletal Health and Arthritis (IMHA), Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR)

Co-Scientific Director, April 2008 to March 2014, Canadian Arthritis Network (CAN), Networks of Centres of Excellence (NCE)

Full Member, July 2007 to present, School of Graduate Studies, University of Toronto

Associate Member, July 1998 to July 2007, Graduate Department of Public Health Sciences (formerly Graduate Department of Community Health), University of Toronto

Honours and Awards:

Addie Thomas Service Award: Merit award for volunteer work in local, national, and international arthritis-related activities. Association of Rheumatology Professionals (ARP, international organization), November 2019

Recognition Award: Distinguished service as Chair of the Institute Advisory Board, Institute of Musculoskeletal Health and Arthritis, Canadian Institutes of Health Research, July 2016

Kiran van Rijn Award for Outstanding Contributions made to the Health Care, Technology and Place (HCTP) Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR) Strategic Research Training Program, March 2015

Distinguished Lecturer Award, Association of Rheumatology Health Professionals (ARHP), November 2014

Distinguished Scholar Award, Association of Rheumatology Health Professionals (ARHP), November 2013

Queen Elizabeth II Diamond Jubilee Award, Governor General’s Office, for service to The Arthritis Society, 2013

Recognition Award: Outstanding Leadership and Research Excellence, Networks of Centres of Excellence (NCE), 2011

Award of Merit, Canadian Arthritis Network (CAN), 2006

Award of Merit, Canadian Arthritis Network (CAN), 2005

University of Toronto, St. Michael’s College Gold Medal in Psychology 1985;

Current Research Projects

Jetha, A. (PI), Van Eerd, D., Martin Ginis, K., Gignac, M.A.M., Tompa, E. (2020). Future-focused job accommodation practices for the school-to-work transition. Accessibility Standards Canada Grants and Contributions Program. $489,441, 3 years.

Jetha, A. (PI), Gignac, M. A. M., Hamdani, S., Kristman, V., Smith, P. (2020). Transitioning to the future of work: An intersectional study of vulnerable youth and young adults. Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada (SSHRC): Insight Development Grant. 2 years. $72,171.

Van Eerd, D. (PI), Irvin, E. (Co-PI), Yanar, B., Tompa, E., Jetha, A., Gignac, M.A.M., Morose, T. (2019). Return to Work in Policing: Synthesizing current practices and implementation guidance.  Workplace Safety Insurance Board (WSIB) 2019 Grants Program. $209,860.00, 2 years.

Jetha, A. (PI), Banks, C., Bonnacio, S., Bultmann, U., Gignac, M.A.M., Norman, C., Smith, P., Tompa, E., Tucker, L. (2019). Future-Proofing young Canadians with disabilities for the changing labour market. Tri-agency Institutional Programs Secretariat: New Frontiers in Research Fund. $247,361, 2 years.

Smith, P. (Co-PI), Irvin, E., (Co-PI), Gignac, M.A.M., Mahood, Q., Bienefeld, M. (2019). Instruments for assessing permanent psychological impairment. WorkSafeBC, $61,261, 6 months.

Smith, P. (Co-PI), Irvin, E., (Co-PI), Gignac, M.A.M., Mahood, Q., Bienefeld, M. (2019). Best practices for return-to-work after psychological injury. WorkSafeBC, $61,261, 6 months.

Biswas, A., Smith, P., Gignac, M.A.M., Van Eerd, D. (2018). Developing recommendations for an integrated approach to worker health and safety. Alberta OHS Futures Research Funding Competition, $49,363, 1 year.

Gignac, M. A. M. (PI/Project Director), Jetha, A., Van Eerd, D., Saunders, R., Smith, P., Tompa, E., Irvin, E., MacDermid, J., Breslin, C., Franche, R.-L., Thompson, A., Beaton, D., & Shaw, W. (2018). Accommodating and Communicating about Episodic Disabilities (ACED): A Partnership to Deliver Workplace Tools and Resources to Sustain the Employment of People with Chronic, Episodic Conditions. Social Sciences & Humanities Research Council (SSHRC)-Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR) Joint Initiative in Healthy and Productive Work: Partnership Grant. $1,224,864, 5 years.

Gignac, M. A. M. (Project Director) and the ACED partnership team. (2020). Accommodating and Communicating about Episodic Disabilities (ACED): A Partnership to Deliver Workplace Tools and Resources to Sustain the Employment of People with Chronic, Episodic Conditions. Employment and Social Development Canada (ESDC) Supplemental Funding for the Healthy and Productive Work: Partnership Grant. $44,705, 3 years.

Gignac, M.A.M. (Co-PI) & Smith, P. (Co-PI) (2019). Evaluation of the Not Myself Today program. Canadian Mental Health Association. Partnership Funding for the ACED Healthy and Productive Work: Partnership Grant. $25,000. 1 year.

Jetha, A., (PI) Tucker, L., Backman, C., Kristman, V., Proulx, L., & Gignac, M. A. M. (2017). Work disability prevention for Millennial young adults with rheumatic disease. The Arthritis Society Young Investigator Operating Grant. 3 years. Total request $142,646.52.

Kristman, V. L., Gilbeau, A., Moeller, H., Mushquash, C., Chambers, L., Matthews, R., Schiff, R., Stroink, M., Shaw, W., Gignac, M. A. M., Macdonald, S. (2017). Understanding labour force participation, work productivity and disability in the Indigenous context: a partnership with the Nokiiwin Tribal Council. Social Sciences & Humanities Research Council (SSHRC), Partnership Development Grant, $200,000, 3 years.

Gignac, M. A. M. (PI), Kristman, V., Kosny, A., Cameron, J. (2016). Conceal or reveal? Facilitators and barriers to older workers’ communication of accommodation needs in the workplace and its relationship to work outcomes. Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council, $232,331, 3 years.

 Martin Ginis, K. (PI), Connolly, C., Borisoff, J., Bray, J., Hayes, K., Latimer-Cheung, A., Mortenson, B., Beauchamp, M., Miller, B., Noreau, L., Rimmer, J., Horrocks, J., Tucker, S., Gignac, M. A. M., Bassett-Gunter, R. (2014). Enhancing community participation in Canadians with physical disabilities: Development, implementation and evaluation of a partnered strategy.  Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council. 7 years, $2,643,997 (file 895-2013-1021).

Gignac, M. A. M. (PI), Saunders, R., Van Eerd, D., Jetha, A., Franche, R.-L., MacDermid, J., Tompa, E., Beaton, D., Breslin, C., Hogg-Johnson, S. (2016). Sustainable work participation: work disability prevention and improvement of employment outcomes among those with chronic, episodic health conditions. Social Sciences & Humanities Research Council (SSHRC)-Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR) Joint Initiative in Healthy and Productive Work: Partnership Development Grant. $149,950, 2 years.

REPRESENTATIVE PUBLICATIONS

Gignac, M.A.M., Bowring, J., Jetha, A., Beaton, D.E., Breslin, F.C., Franche, R.-L., Irvin, E., Macdermid, J.C., Shaw, W.S., Smith, P.M., Thompson, A., Tompa, E., Van Eerd, D., Saunders, R. (2020). Disclosure, privacy and workplace accommodation of episodic disabilities: Organizational perspectives on disability communication-support processes to sustain employment. Journal of Occupational Rehabilitation. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10926-020-09901-2.

Kokorelias, K.M., Gignac, M.A.M, Naglie, G., Rittenberg, N., MacKenzie, J., D’Souza, S., Cameron, J.I. (2020). A Grounded Theory Study to Identify Caregiving Phases and Support Needs across the Alzheimer’s Disease Trajectory. Disability and Rehabilitation. https://doi.org/10.1080/09638288.2020.1788655.

Fan, J. K., Gignac, M. A.M., Harris, M. A., Smith, P. M. (in press). Age differences in return-to-work and wage-replacement duration following injury: Understanding the role of age dimensions across longitudinal follow-up. Submitted to Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine.

Perruccio, A. V., Yip, C., Power, J. D., Canizares, M., Gignac, M. A. M., Badley, E. M. (in press). Understanding the association between osteoarthritis and social participation: a population-based study. Arthritis Care & Research.

Gignac, M.A.M., Irvin, E., Cullen, K., Van Eerd, D., Beaton, D.E., Mahood, Q., McLeod, C., Backman, C.L. (2019). Men and women’s occupational activities and the risk of developing osteoarthritis of the knee, hip or hands: A systematic review and recommendations for future research. Arthritis Care & Research,72(3), 378-396.

Verstappen, S.M.M, Lacaille, D., Boonen, A., Escorpizo, R., Hofstetter, C., Bosworth, C., Leong, A., Leggett, S., Gignac, M., Wallman, J., Terwee, M.M., Berghea, F., Agaliotis, M., Tugwell, P., Beaton, D. (2019). Considerations for evaluating and recommending worker productivity outcome measures: An update from the OMERACT Worker Productivity Group. Journal of Rheumatology (Suppl), 46(10), 1401-1405.

Gignac, M. A. M., Smith, P. M., Ibrahim, S., Kristman, V., Beaton, D. E., Mustard, C. A. (2019). Retirement expectations of older workers with arthritis and diabetes compared to workers with no chronic diseases. Canadian Journal on Aging, 38(3), 296-314.

Sale, J.E.M., Frankel, L., Bogoch, E., Gignac, M.A.M., Hawker, G., Elliot-Gibson, V., Jain, R., Funnell, L. (2020).Few fragility fracture patients perceive that their bone health is affected by their comorbidities and medications. Osteoporosis International. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00198-020-05409-w

Fan, J.K., Macpherson, R.A., Smith, P.M., Harris, M.A., Gignac, M.A.M., McLeod, C.B. (in press). Age differences in work-disability duration across Canada: Examining variations by follow-up time and jurisdictional context. Journal of Occupational Rehabilitation.

Biswas, A., Dobson, G., Gignac, M.A.M., de Oliveira, C., Smith, P. (2020). Changes in work factors and concurrent changes in leisure time physical activity: A 12-year longitudinal analysis. Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/oemed-2019-106158

Jetha, A., Bowring, J., Ibrahim, S., Johnson, S., Davies, A., Gignac, M.A.M. (in press). Unmet workplace support needs and lost productivity of workers with systemic scleroderma: A path analysis study. Arthritis Care & Research.

Pinsker, E., Sale, J., Gignac, M.A.M., Daniels, T., Beaton, D. (in press) “I don’t have to think about watching the ground”: a qualitative study exploring the concept of vigilance as an important outcome for ankle reconstruction. Arthritis Care & Research

Kokorelias, K.M., Gignac, M.A.M., Naglie, G., Cameron, J.I. (2019) Towards a Universal Model of Family Centered Care: A Scoping Review. BMC Health Services Research, 19: 564. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12913-019-4394-5.

Jetha, A., Shaw, R., Sinden, A., Mahood, Q., Gignac, M.A.M., McColl, M.A., Ginis, K.M. (2018). Work-focused interventions that promote the labor market transition of young adults with chronic disabling health conditions: A systematic review. Occupational and Environmental Medicine, 0:1-10. Doi:10.1136/oemed-2018-105454

Bonaccio, S., Connelly, C., Fisher, S., Gellatly, I., Gignac, M.A.M., Jetha, A. (2018). Beyond Managing Research Partnerships: Partnered Research as an Integrated Methodological Approach. Industrial and Organizational Psychology, 11(4), 613-619.

Gignac, M. A. M., Kristman, V., Smith, P. M., Beaton, D. E., Badley, E. M., Ibrahim, S., Mustard, C. A. (2018). Are There Differences in Workplace Accommodation Needs, Use and Unmet Needs among Older Workers with Arthritis, Diabetes and No Chronic Conditions? Examining the Role of Health and Work Context. Work, Aging and Retirement, 4(4), 381–398. doi:10.1093/workar/way004.

Biswas, A., Smith, P. M., Gignac, M. A. M. (2018). Naturally occurring workplace facilities to increase the leisure time physical activity of workers: A propensity-score weighted population study. Preventive Medicine Reports, 10, 263-270. Ref ID: 48881. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pmedr.2018.03.013 [Epub ahead of print].

Jetha, A., Gignac, M. A. M., Bowring, J., Tucker, S., Connelly, C., Proulx, L., Ginis, K. M. (2018). Supporting arthritis and employment across the life course: A qualitative study. Arthritis Care and Research, 70(1), 1461-1468. PMID: 29381838. Ref ID: 48846. doi: 10.1002/acr.23523. [Epub ahead of print]

Biswas, A., Smith, P. , Gignac, M. A. M., (2018). Access to Showers and Change Rooms at Work Associated With Active Commuting Among Older Workers: Findings from a National Population Survey. Journal of Applied Gerontology, 1-13. doi: 10.1177/0733464818755313.

Gignac, M. A. M., Ibrahim, S., Smith, P. M., Kristman, V., Beaton, D. E., Mustard, C. A. (2018). The role of sex, gender, health factors and job context in workplace accommodation use among men and women with arthritis. Annals of Work Exposures and Health, 1–15. 2018 Feb 6. PMID: 29420700. doi: 10.1093/annweh/wxx115.

Jetha, A., Bowring, J., Tucker, S., Connelly, C. E., Martin Ginis, K., Proulx, L., & Gignac, M. A. M. (2017). Transitions that matter: Life Course differences in the employment of adults with arthritis. Disability and Rehabilitation. PMID: 28922952. DOI:10.1080/09638288.2017.1378387.

Canizares, M., Hogg-Johnson, S., Gignac, M. A. M. Glazier, R. H., & Badley, E. M. (2017). Changes in the use practitioner-based complementary and alternative medicine over time in Canada: cohort and period effects. PLoS ONE, 12(5), e0177307. PMID: 28494011. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0177307. eCollection 2017. Free Article

Steenstra, I., Cullen, K., Irvin, E., Van Eerd, D., Alavinia, M., Beaton, D., Geary J, Gignac, M. A. M. Gross D, & Mahood Q. (2017). A systematic review of interventions to promote work participation in older workers. Journal of Safety Research, 60, 93-102. Epub 2016 Dec 21. Ref ID: 47823. PMID: 28160820. doi: 10.1016/j.jsr.2016.12.004.

Canizares, M., Hogg-Johnson, S., Gignac, M. A. M., Glazier, R. H., & Badley, E. M. (2017). Increasing trajectories of multimorbidity over time: Birth cohort differences and the role of changes in obesity and income. Journals of Gerontology B: Psychological and Social Sciences. Advance access Feb 2017. PMID: 28199711. doi:10.1093/geronb/gbx004.

Canizares, M., Gignac, M. A. M. Hogg-Johnson, S., Glazier, R. H., & Badley, E. M. (2016). Do baby boomers use more healthcare services than other generations? Longitudinal trajectories of physician service use across five birth cohorts. BMJ Open. Sep 29; 6(9):e013276. PMID: 27687902. doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2016-013276.

Wong, I. S., Smith, P. M., Ibrahim, S., Mustard, C. A., & Gignac, M. A. M. (2016). Mediating pathways and gender differences between shift work and cognitive function. Occupational and Environmental Medicine. Published Online First: 18-07-2016 PMID: 27421746. doi:10.1136/oemed2016-103774

Hamilton, C. B., Wong, M-K., Gignac, M. A. M. Davis, A. M., & Chesworth, B. M. (2016). Validated measures of illness perception and behavior in people with knee pain and knee osteoarthritis: A Scoping Review. Pain Practice. 2016 Mar 15. PMID:26990402. DOI. 10.1111/papr.12448.

Beaton D, Dyer, S., Boonen, A., Verstappen, S., Escorpizo, R., Lacaille, D., Bosworth, A., Gignac, M. A. M. Leong, A., Purcaru, O., Leggett, S., Hofstetter, C., Petersson, I., Tang, K., Fautrel, B., Bombardier, C., & Tugwell, P. (2016) OMERACT filter evidence supporting the measurement of at-work productivity loss as an outcome measure in rheumatology research. Journal of Rheumatology, 43(1), 214-222. PMID: 26329339. doi: 10.3899/jrheum. Epub 2015 Sep 1.

Wong, I. S., Smith, P. M., Mustard, C.A., & Gignac, M.A.M. (2015). Health and occupational outcomes among injured, nonstandard shift workers. Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, 57(11), 1244-1249. PMID: 26539774. doi: 10.1097/JOM.0000000000000551.

Gignac, M. A. M. Cao, X., & McAlpine, J. (2015). Availability, need for, and use of work accommodations and benefits: Are they related to employment outcomes in people with arthritis? Arthritis Care & Research, 67(6), 855-864. PMID: 25370701. doi:10.1002/acr.22508.

Jetha, A., Badley, E. M., Beaton, D., Fortin, P. R., Shiff, N. J., Gignac, M. A. M. (2015). Unpacking early work experiences of young adults with rheumatic disease: An examination of absenteeism, job disruptions and productivity loss. Arthritis Care & Research, 67(9), 1246-1254. PMID:25892130. doi: 10.1002/acr.22601. Free Article

Gignac, M. A. M. Cao, X., Ramanathan, S., White, L. M., Hurtig, M., Kunz, M., & Marks, P. H. (2015). Perceived Personal Importance of Exercise and Fears of Re-injury: A Longitudinal Study of Psychological Factors Related to Activity After Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction. BMC Sports Science, Medicine and Rehabilitation. 7:4. PMID: 25973208. doi: 10.1186/2052-1847-7-4. Free Article

Jetha, A., Badley, E. M., Beaton, D., Fortin, P. R., Shiff, N. J., Rosenberg, A. M., Tucker, L. B., Mosher, D. P., & Gignac, M. A. M. (2014). Transitioning to employment with a rheumatic disease: The role of independence, overprotection and social support. Journal of Rheumatology, 41(12), 2386-94. PMID: 25274887. doi: 10.3899/jrheum.140419. Epub 2014 Oct 1.

Wong, I. S., Smith, P. M., Mustard, C. A., & Gignac, M. A. M. (2014). For better or worse? Changing shift schedules and the risk of work injury among men and women. Scandinavian Journal of Work, Environment and Health, 40(6), 621-30. PMID: 25229551. doi: 10.5271/sjweh.3454. Epub 2014 Sep 17.

Wong, I. S., Smith, P. M., Mustard, C. A., & Gignac, M. A. M. (2014). Work-injury absence and compensation among partnered and lone mothers and fathers. American Journal of Industrial Medicine, 57(8), 960-9. Epub 2014 Jun 20. PMID: 24953226. doi: 10.1002/ajim.22351.

Al-Dhanhani, A. M., Gignac, M. A. M. Beaton, D. E., Su, J., & Fortin, P. R. (2014). Work factors are associated with workplace activity limitations in systemic lupus erythematosus. Rheumatology (Oxford), 53(11), 2044-52. PMID: 24917563. doi: 10.1093/rheumatology/keu242. Epub 2014 Jun 10.

Gignac, M. A. M. Lacaille, D., Beaton, D. E., Backman, C. L., Cao, X., & Badley, E. M. (2014). Striking a balance: Work-health-personal life conflict in women and men with arthritis and its association with work outcomes. Journal of Occupational Rehabilitation, 24(3), 573-584. PMID: 24370635. DOI 10.1007/s10926-013-9490-5. Free PMC Article

Sankar, A., Davis, A. M., Palaganas, M. P., Beaton, D. E., Badley, E. M., & Gignac, M. A. M. (2013) Return to work and workplace activity limitations following total hip or knee replacement. Osteoarthritis and Cartilage, 21(10), 1485-1493. PMID: 23774473. doi: 10.1016/j.joca.2013.06.005. Epub 2013 Jun 15. Free Article

Kaptein, S. A, Backman, C. L., Badley, E. M., Lacaille, D., Beaton, D. E., Hofstetter, C., & Gignac, M. A. M. (2013). Choosing where to put your energy: A qualitative analysis of the role of physical activity in the lives of working adults with arthritis. Arthritis Care & Research, 65(7), 1070- 1076. PMID: 23335584. doi: 10.1002/acr.21957.

Gignac, M. A. M. Backman, C. L., Davis, A. M., Lacaille, D., Cao, X., & Badley, E. M. (2013). Social role participation and the life course in healthy adults and individuals with osteoarthritis: Are we overlooking the impact on the middle-aged? Social Science and Medicine, 81, 87-93. PMID: 23312300. doi: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2012.12.013.

Lenssinck, M. L., Burdorf, A., Boonen, A., Gignac, M. A. M. Hazes, J. M. W., & Luime, J. J. (2013). Consequences of inflammatory arthritis for workplace productivity loss and sick leave: A systematic review. Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases, 72(4), 493-505. PMID: 23264343. doi: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2012-201998.

Gignac, M. A. M. Backman, C. L., Kaptein, S., Lacaille, D., Beaton, D. E., Hofstetter, C., & Badley, E. M. (2012). Tension at the Borders: Perceptions of Role Overload, Conflict, Strain and Facilitation in Work, Family and Health Roles among Employed Individuals with Arthritis. Rheumatology (Oxford), 51(2), 324-332. PMID: 22039223. doi: 10.1093/rheumatology/ker317. Free PMC Article

Gignac, M. A. M. Cao, X., Tang, K., & Beaton, D. E. (2011). Examination of Arthritis-Related Workplace Activity Limitations and Intermittent Disability Over Four-and-a-Half Years and its Relationship to Job Modifications and Outcomes. Arthritis Care & Research, 63(7), 953-962. PMID: 21360695. doi: 10.1002/acr.20456

Gignac, M. A. M. & Cao, X. (2009). “Should I tell my employer and co-workers I have arthritis?”: A longitudinal examination of self-disclosure in the work place. Arthritis and Rheumatism, 61(12), 1753-1761. PMID: 19950308. doi: 10.1002/art.24889. Free Article

Gignac, M.A.M., Cao, X., Lacaille, D., Anis, A. H., & Badley, E. M. (2008). Arthritis-related work transitions: A prospective analysis of reported productivity losses, work changes, and leaving the labor force. Arthritis & Rheumatism, 59(12), 1805-1813. PMID: 19035423. org/10.1002/art.24085. Free Article

Gignac, M.A.M., Backman, C. L., Davis, A. M., Lacaille, D., Mattison, C. A., Montie, P., & Badley, E. M. (2008). Understanding social role participation: What matters to people with arthritis? Journal of Rheumatology, 35(8), 1655-1663. PMID: 18597401.